容易破碎或受伤害
易碎 / 脆弱
fragilefrail
词族详情
共同核心义:打破,碎裂
WORD FAMILY MAP
沿词根变体和核心动作理解现代词义,只保留容易复述的记忆主线。
= 打破,碎裂
易碎 / 脆弱
碎片 / 断裂
违反 / 侵犯
折射 / 偏折
词源说明源自拉丁语 frangere(打破),其过去分词 fractus 演变为另一变体。frail 是 fragile 的古法语变体,经口语简化传入英语。
CORE WORDS
对照词性、释义和例句,选中英文可提问。
| 单词 | 词性 / 发音 | 常用意思 | 一句话记忆 | 经典例句 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
fragile | — | 易碎的,脆弱的 | “frag”像“碎”,加上“ile”表示“能……”,合起来就是“能轻易碎掉” | Handle the glassware with care; it is very fragile. |
frail | — | 虚弱的,脆弱的 | “frail”听起来像“拂弱”,轻轻一拂就弱倒了 | The old woman was too frail to walk without support. |
fragment | — | 碎片,片段 | “frag”碎 + “ment”名词后缀 → 碎掉的东西 | Archaeologists found a fragment of an ancient vase. |
fracture | — | 骨折,断裂 | fract- 表示“打破”,加上名词后缀 -ure 表示“被打破的结果”,即骨折或断裂。 | He suffered a hairline fracture in his wrist after the fall. |
fraction | — | 小部分,分数 | 词根 fract- 意为“打破”,打破后产生的每一小块就是“小部分”,进而引申为数学中的“分数”。 | A fraction of the population supports the new policy. |
infraction | — | 违规,违法 | infraction 由“向内打破”比喻为破坏规则或法律,即违规行为。 | Any infraction of the rules will result in immediate penalty. |
refract | — | 折射 | 光线穿过不同介质时路径仿佛被‘折断了’,由此从‘打破’引申出‘改变方向’的含义。 | Light refracts when it passes from air into water. |
MORE IN THIS FAMILY
这些词不在原始清单中,但共享同一条词源线索。
侵犯,违反
“in”进入 + “fring”打碎 → 打破规则
衍射
“dif”分开 + “fract”碎 → 波被打散成多个方向
不完整的,零碎的
碎片(fragment)加形容词 → 像碎片一样的
USEFUL PHRASES
用真实高频搭配记住这些词在句子里的自然用法。
暂无常用短语,点击“重新生成”补全。
ONE STORY, ONE FAMILY
用一个有意义的场景串起这组词和它们的细微差别。
An old, frail woman sat at her kitchen table, holding a fragile teacup. The cup was so thin that she could see the light through it. Suddenly, her hand trembled, and the cup slipped, shattering into dozens of tiny fragments on the floor. She sighed, looking at the broken pieces. Each fragment reminded her of her own fragile health. She carefully swept them up, knowing that some things — like her strength — could not be glued back together.
一位虚弱的老妇人手握一只易碎的茶杯,茶杯脱手摔成无数碎片,她看着满地零片,仿佛看到了自己脆弱的健康。
ONE LINE TO KEEP
最后用一条线索收束整组关系。
拉丁词根 frangere(打破)→ 衍生出“易碎/脆弱”和“碎片/断裂”两个语义方向 → 具体单词:fragile(易碎的)、frail(虚弱的)、fragment(碎片),以及 fracture(骨折)、fraction(部分)、infringe(侵犯)等延伸词。