词族详情

sign / signi

共同核心义：标记、表示

词源说明这些词最终都与拉丁语 signum“标记、符号”及其派生词 signare、assignare、significare 有关。assign 经古法语 assigner 进入英语；signal 经法语或中世纪拉丁语词形进入英语；signify、significant、significance 和 significantly 则通过法语或拉丁语词形进入英语。

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核心词

CORE WORDS

对照词性、释义和例句，选中英文可提问。

常用度深→浅9–107–85–63–41–2

单词	词性 / 发音	常用意思	一句话记忆	经典例句
assign2 个义项	v./əˈsaɪn/	分配；指派	assign 就是把任务“指定”给某人。	The teacher assigned each student a research topic.
assign2 个义项	v./əˈsaɪn/	把某物归因于；把某物归入某类	把一个结果“标记”到某个原因或类别上，就是 assign something to something。	Researchers assigned the improvement to the new training program.
assignment	n.	任务；作业；工作安排	assignment 是 assign 加名词后缀，指被“分配”的任务或工作。	I finished my history assignment before dinner.
sign4 个义项	n./saɪn/	标志；标牌；符号	sign 是一个用来传递信息的“标记”。	The sign outside the store says it is closed.
	n./saɪn/	迹象；征兆	迹象也是事情留下的“标记”，帮助我们判断将要发生什么。	A sudden drop in temperature is a sign of winter.
	n./saɪn/	手势；动作信号	用动作做出的标记同样是 sign。	She gave me a sign to wait outside.
	v./saɪn/	签名；签署	签名是在文件上留下代表身份的标记。	Please sign the form at the bottom of the page.
signal3 个义项	n./ˈsɪɡnəl/	信号；信号灯	signal 是能让别人知道该做什么的 sign。	The traffic signal turned green, and the cars moved forward.
	n./ˈsɪɡnəl/	暗号；示意	秘密传递的标记就是 signal。	He gave us a signal to begin the meeting.
	v./ˈsɪɡnəl/	发信号；示意	signal 作动词就是用标记或动作传递信息。	The driver signaled before turning left.
signify	v.	表示；意味着	signify 来自拉丁语 significare“使有意义、表示”，即用符号指向某种含义。	In many cultures, white signifies purity.
significant2 个义项	adj./sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/	重要的；有意义的	significant 表示某事具有值得注意的意义。	The company made a significant investment in renewable energy.
significant2 个义项	adj./sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/	显著的；明显的	明显到足以成为一个重要“标记”的变化，就是 significant。	The treatment led to a significant improvement in her health.
significance	n.	重要性；意义	significance 是 significant 的名词，表示某事所具有的意义或重要程度。	The discovery has great significance for medical research.
significantly2 个义项	adv./sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/	显著地；大幅度地	significantly 修饰明显而重要的变化。	The new process significantly reduced production costs.
significantly2 个义项	adv./sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/	意味深长地；重要地	放在句首或修饰整句时，significantly 强调某信息的重要性。	Significantly, no employees lost their jobs during the change.

同词根高频词

designate

指定；指派；标明

designate 与 signare 同源，核心是给人或事物“指定一个标记或身份”。

designation

名称；指定；称号

designation 是 designate 的名词，表示被指定的名称、身份或行为。

signature

签名；明显特征

signature 来自 sign，原义是留下身份标记，后来也指某人的典型特征。

signatory

签署人；签字国

signatory 指在协议上留下签名这一身份标记的人或国家。

insignia

徽章；标志

insignia 含有 sign 的词根，指代表身份、等级或组织的标志。

signage

标识系统；标牌

signage 是 sign 的集合名词，指场所中用于指引和说明的一组标牌。

常用短语

USEFUL PHRASES

用真实高频搭配记住这些词在句子里的自然用法。

assign a task

分配任务

The manager assigned a task to each member of the team.

sign an agreement

签署协议

Both companies signed an agreement to work together.

a sign of

……的迹象或标志

Frequent mistakes can be a sign of stress.

give someone a signal

给某人信号或暗号

Give me a signal when you are ready to leave.

significant impact

重大影响

The policy could have a significant impact on small businesses.

of significance

具有重要意义的

The research may be of significance to future treatments.

词族故事

ONE STORY, ONE FAMILY

用一个有意义的场景串起这组词和它们的细微差别。

原创 · 勇气会留下信号

At thirty, Mira was assigned an overseas assignment she had quietly wanted for years, but her father’s illness made leaving feel like betrayal. On the station platform, a handwritten sign from him read, “Go”; it was a small signal, yet it seemed to signify permission. Years later, she understood the significance of that sign: the journey had been significant not because it was easy, but because it changed her significantly—from someone waiting for courage into someone willing to choose.

三十岁时，米拉被派往海外，去完成那项她默默期待多年的任务；可父亲的病，让离开仿佛成了背叛。车站月台上，父亲留下一张手写的纸条：“去吧。”那只是一个微小的信号，却像是默许。多年以后她才明白，那枚标记的意义并不在于旅途是否容易，而在于它让她从等待勇气的人，变成了敢于做出选择的人。

记住这一条

ONE LINE TO KEEP

最后用一条线索收束整组关系。

这些词共享 sign/signi- 所代表的“标记、表示”词源基础，但现代英语中的路径不同：assign 表示把对象指定给某人或用途，sign 与 signal 表示标志或传递信息的信号，而 signify 一组则发展出表示意义、重要性和显著程度的词形家族。